On Sun, Oct 17, 2021 at 09:43:40AM -0600, Jonathan Drews wrote: > I know that it << 1 is a bitwise shift operation. What does it <<= 1 mean? This is a 'bitwise assignment operator'. The string '<<=' means "left shift assignment" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operations_in_C Kind regards, Job